An oral substitution programme, using sublingual buprenorphine, accounted for the majority of people who accessed the outpatient treatment services. Other important activities undertaken in the centers included:

• Needle and syringe exchange
• First Aid, predominantly abscess and wound management
• Counseling - including family, HIV pre-test and post-test, general;
• Referrals to other drug treatment and health care centers. The five city project acted as a quasi outreach programme for all of the drug treatment options in the cities, not simply its own activities, thereby increasing the utilization of the other resources available for HIV prevention amongst drug users.